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Operation Ariel
Operation Ariel (also Operation Aerial) was the name given to the World War II evacuation of Allied forces and civilians from ports in western France from 1940, following the military collapse in the Battle of France against Nazi Germany. It followed Operation Dynamo, the evacuation from Dunkirk and Operation Cycle, an evacuation from Le Havre, which finished on 13 June. British and Allied ships were covered from French bases by five Royal Air Force (RAF) fighter squadrons and assisted by aircraft based in England to lift British, Polish and Czech troops, civilians and equipment from Atlantic ports, particularly from St. Nazaire and Nantes.
The ''Luftwaffe'' attacked the evacuation ships and on 17 June, evaded RAF fighter patrols and sank the Cunard liner and troopship HMT ''Lancastria'' in the Loire estuary. The liner had thousands of troops, RAF personnel and civilians on board and an unknown number of the passengers died in the sinking, because in the haste quickly to embark as many people as possible keeping count broke down. The loss of at least made the disaster the greatest loss of life in a British ship, that the British government tried to hide on the orders of Winston Churchill. The ship sank quickly and vessels in the area were still under attack during rescue operations, which saved about and crew.
Some equipment was embarked on the evacuation ships but lack of reliable information about the progress of the German army towards the coast, rumours and alarmist reports, led some operations to be terminated early and much equipment was destroyed or left behind. The official evacuation ended on 25 June, in conformity with the terms of the Armistice of 22 June 1940 agreed by the French and German authorities but informal departures continued from French Mediterranean ports until 14 August. From the end of Operation Dynamo at Dunkirk, Operation Cycle from Le Havre, elsewhere along the Channel coast and the termination of Operation Ariel, another were rescued, bringing the total of military and civilian personnel returned to Britain during the Battle of France to British troops.
==Background==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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